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Tesla SOTP… $360bn?

Two biggest component would be electric vehicles and AI.

EV: BYD is <$100bn; BYD delivered higher profits than Tesla; BYD also has energy storage business

AI Models (FSD): OpenAI is <$100bn; latest valuation appeared to be $86bn

AI Chips: AMD is ~$160bn. Tesla should be years behind in terms of external revenue profits (as a business) etc. Let’s just use $160bn, as Tesla has some other business.

Then it sums up to be $360bn = $100bn + $100bn + $160bn

Last time I checked (before earnings), it’s more than doubling that number…

Robots? Boston Dynamics was $1.1bn back in Dec 2020.

Charging? ChargePoint ($CHPT) is ~$1bn market cap.

If someone wants to add ride-hailing services I mean Lyft is <$5bn, not significant.

Even additionally add Enphase and First Solar, which were ~$13bn and $16bn, still not big enough to move the needle.

Insurance could be big. However, if it’s not good enough/taking over now, why it should be in the future? It shouldn’t be a futuristic thing; auto insurance has a history of over 100 years.

$400bn or lower sounds about right.

Small item purchases and $30 happiness

With macro uncertainties, it looks like global consumers are focusing more on small items purchases.

In China, happiness starts with $1.

1/ coffee chain Luckin grew 88% in revenue yoy, and has over 10k store now.

For $2 per cup, if people get it every workday, it’s only $40 per month.

There are additional promotions: with $3 membership card/month, coffee can be almost half priced. $1.5 x 20 + $3 => $33 per month.

2/ mobile gaming (mostly micro transactions) market grew most 60% in 2023 summer. See previous post.

for $30-40, you can get a decent new skin on HoK or Justice Mobile. Some skins are as low as $1.

Globally, $20 per month can also buy lot of happiness.

3/ Netflix added 9mn subscribers in 2023q3 and is going to raise price again in the US. After 3 years, 50mn+ more subscribers joined Neflix, vs 2020q3, when the initial covid impact calmed down (2020q3 added 2.2mn vs. 2020H1 added 26mn).

After raising price, it’s only $23 per month.

4/ OpenAI, whose ChaGPT, although a productivity tool, is mostly paid by consumers with $20 per month plan. It has over $100mn revenue per month now, or 4-5mn subscribers, assuming most revenue is from subscriptions.

5/ Midjourney subreddit members grew to almost 1mn. Midjourney entry-level (Basic) plan is $10 per month. It’s reported that its 2023 revenue is over $200mn. Midjourney might have ~2nm subscribers by year end ($24-30mn revenue run rate).

CATL & Tesla growth? What does CATL business look like?

Are they supposed to be growth stocks?

Well, Tesla does have new stories besides FSD -> AI chips (Dojo) + robots (Optimus), which sound to be pretty exciting.

What about CATL’s future strategy?

Is it like Intel? 

Similarities: They are both the supplier for industry-leading products, and has in-house manufacturing (part of the edge is manufacturing. They can expand into other end markets: Intel also serves server market, while CATL serves energy storage market.

Differences: “Wintel” is amazing; however, auto industry hasn’t been winner take all, even for Tesla. Unless auto OEMs are willing to become PC makers and there is one superior EV structure (asset light) and uses CATL exclusively.. << a very unlikely picture. If Tesla had delivered FSD fast enough and good enough, there is a chance to be a layer that takes most market share, but that doesn’t have much to do with the battery layer.

Differences: Although CATL tech is very good and improves every year, it’s not like it created “Moore’s Law” / a long-term road map for the battery industry. It’s not just about visionary or “leadership”, but because the speed of improvements is fast enough – competitors are catching up instead of falling behind.

Is it like Qualcomm?

Similarities: Qualcomm’s SOC enables / provides a platform for smartphones and other IoTs. CATL enables lots of EV brands. Qualcomm faces competition from integrated player like Apple; CATL faces competition from integrated player like BYD.

Differences: similar to Intel, Qualcomm + Android is powerful and ubiquitous. CATL is lack of a powerful OS layer.

Differences: Qualcomm uses foundry for manufacturing and focuses more on design & licensing. CATL produces in-house, but doesn’t do licensing.

Is it like Denso?

Similarities: big player in auto parts.

Differences: Denso’s business lines is more mixed (no synergy), and centered around automakers. CATL focuses on batter-related products, and are supplying to non-auto customers.

Differences: Denso has ~15% gross margin and ~5% net margin. CATL has ~20% gross margin and ~10% net margin.

 

Why books (& reading) are one of the best investments?

You can get 20% return on stocks per year if you are as good as Buffet.

But books and reading have a much higher return!

The cost of a book is basically cost-plus, including those paid to the author. It’s relatively small sum of money – likely less than a meal.

The price is similar for every one. It’s up to each reader to capture all the upside to him/herself. No price discrimination.

The paper and the printing are basically similar across books – different words on a single page don’t mean they cost differently. Therefore, an amazing book costs the same as any other books (well, royalties, length, quality of paper may differ, but you know what I mean).

Put it another way, a good reader can get higher value from reading books, without increasing costs, if he/she can pick “high value” books (for him/herself).

It’s like Nvidia pays similar prices as others for the same wafer to TSMC, but gets higher value/return from it.

Besides money, readers are also investing their time. So, the return of reading a book could be even higher if he/she can read more efficiently, reducing time spent while still get most of the stuff.

It’s like fitting a few more chips onto one wafer.

What’s more impressive? TSMC has a high market share and some bargain power, but printing books seem to be very fragmented and has very good availability.

Enjoy reading great books! That’s likely a higher return investment than Nvidia selling chips.

 

 

Wanda Commercial refinancing YTD

Sources

  • 年初融美元债$700mn，12+% yield
    • 2025 $400mn @11%
    • 2026 $300mn @11%
  • 境内中期票据 15 亿 rmb，6.8%
  • 卖万达电影股权，两笔共40多亿rmb，
    • 一笔中国儒意（背后腾讯出钱）
    • 一笔是东方财富的老婆
  • 卖5座万达广场股权；price? to 大家保险 etc
  • 发行ABS; didn’t work
  • Net income ~$1bn in 23H1

Uses

  • 还40亿 rmb 票据
  • 还$400mn Jul 2023美元债@6.875%
  • Sep 回购 5.58% 38亿puttable境内债 20万达01

Upcoming: Jan 2024 $600mn 7.25% note

Potential: didn’t IPO -> to repurchase 30bn rmb

Is China’s mobile gaming market growing?

Yes.

In 2023 summer (July and Aug), China’s mobile gaming market grew 57% yoy (!).  China’s overall gaming market grew 46.1% yoy in August.

That’s an amazing number, considering it’s quite mature and developed already.

The base effect is obvious though. China’s most recent crackdown on video gaming back to Aug 2021 lasted around a year (or15-month if consider Tencent’ new commercial license as an end).

New game license issuance resumed in Apr 2022, stopped once again in May 2022, and resumed in June 2022. However, big companies like NetEase didn’t get new commercial game licenses until September 2022, and Tencent waited until November 2022 (no new game license issued in Oct 2022).

The crackdown led to yoy decline of ~24% in summer 2022 (July and Aug) for mobile gaming, which is ~70% of the market.

However China mobile gaming is reaching a new high now. It’s 20% higher than 2021 summer.

Comparing with 2020 summer, 3-yr CAGR would be 8.9% for mobile gaming.

BYD export machine running hot; EU’s investigation of Chines EVs; disagreement between Scholz and Macron

BYD started to report overseas sales in July 2022.

So we have the first YoY quarterly number: over 300% yoy growth! (over 4x)

Overseas volume as % of total volume grew from 3% in 2022q3 to 8.6% in 2023q3 – still looks to be a low number.

UBS claimed that BYD has “a sustainable ~25% cost advantage for BYD over legacy competitors”. (Sep 2023)

A few days after UBS report, EU launched investigation into Chinese EV subsidies.

Meanwhile, as Bernstein and WSJ pointed out, not all of those come from Chinese automakers; Tesla, and other European JVs in China exported a ton. Bernstein’s number says Tesla’s export from China to EU is 10x BYD’s.

BMW’s China JV reported that it exported 16,595 units, mainly X3 BEV models, to overseas in the first half of 2023 (didn’t say where, but Bernstein puts BMW China JV EU export number higher than BYD’s EU export).

Unlike French peers, German carmakers still sell a lot of ICE cars in China, and exported EV from China JVs. So Scholz is taking a different view vs. Macron. That’s just one of the issues the two need to reconcile/solve – the other two issues are energy bills and defense, laid out by Politico.

Macau visitors during 2023 golden week holidays

2023 Oct golden week has 8 days (Sep 29 – Oct 6). Mainland visitors arrivals totaled at 709,079.

This number is 4.5x 2022, which was impacted by covid.

When comparing with pre-covid, 2023 is 10% higher than 2017, 3% lower than 2018, and 11% lower than 2019.

Looks okay; no signs of pent-up demand; consistent with other 2023 recovery data.

2027-2022 Oct golden week

How much is home-made coffee vs. Starbucks?

just calculating coffee beans here.

1 grande Starbucks americano (ice/hot), typically $3-4 globally now, comes with 3 shots. (Tall has 2 shots)

1 shot = 7 grams of coffee beans

1 grande americano has 21 grams of coffee beans

just bought some beans (illy, Arabica, Etiopia). Price may wary, but for 250g it’s  ~$10-15

250g can make 10-12 serves of previously calculated grande americano

each serve (grande americano) costs ~$1 of coffee beans

using larger bags of cheaper beans, e.g. $55.5 for 2260g (see below), each serve of grande americano uses ~$0.5 coffee beans

Again, lots of stuff come into play: convenience, time, other ingredients, logo, etc.

Starbucks item prices: https://www.fastfoodprice.com/menu/starbucks-prices/ (Grande americano is $3.45)

Tall latte price globally

 

Investing in China: what are the differences? (1) regulation and justice

It’s difficult to understand each regulation. But I think there is a better, more fundamental and actually easier way – through the lens of justice.

However, there seems to be a difference between what China focuses on vs. the West when it comes to justice. In short, I feel that China weighs a fair outcome over procedural justice.

This difference could partially be explained by the fact that China doesn’t always operate based on exact rules. It could be hard to develop a robust law system in a short period of time and in an evolving society. In fact, rules can be modified to suit the needs, which is the opposite of mainstream western belief. 

When big global companies may get away with perfectly executed deals, Chinese companies may face the consequences afterwards (even before regulation is in place). After all, trouble may come in various forms.

That being said, justice is important. A company may build goodwill to offset any negative consequences it may create, especially formalized in the future. For example, Tencent’ gaming business is lucrative and from time to time is seen to have negative impacts on teenagers. Although Tencent could be procedurally perfect and compliant, it may not be enough. I believe it’s the WeChat etc. that brings a good amount of positive progresses that provide a cushion. Therefore, as those balanced out, it’s not injustice for Tencent to make such a large sum of money.